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Product Number Product Name Molecular Formula Cas. No. Description Notes Alt. Name Alt. Name 2
FD 13001 Diazaindacene N-
hydroxysuccinimide ester
C21H21N3O6  1027512-35-1  Lightner and co-workers1-3 reported the synthesis and spectroscopic properties of fluorophores based on the 3a,4a-diazaindacene ring system ("xanthglows"). Key properties include a high quantum yield (>0.9) and a large Stokes shift (>100 nm). Berry & Associates offers an amine-reactive version, Diazaindacene NHS Ester, for incorporation of the diazaindacene fluorophore into biomolecules.

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Spectroscopic properties: The absorption maximum of the corresponding carboxylic acid is reported to be 425 nm in methanol, extinction coefficient = 15,300. The emission maximum of the carboxylic acid is 535 nm in methanol with a quantum yield of 0.91.1 When installed onto a 5'-amino-modified oligonucleotide,4 the absorption and emission maxima appear at 430 nm and 530 nm, respectively, in aqueous MgCl2/KCl/Tris-HCl (pH 8.0). For comparison, an analogous TET-labeled oligonucleotide showed absorption and emission maxima at 522 nm and 538 nm, respectively.

1. Brower, J. O.; Lightner, D. A. J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67, 2713-2716.

2. Boiadjiev, S. E.; Lightner, D. A. J. Phys. Org. Chem. 2004, 17, 675-679.

3. Woydziak, Z. R.; Boiadjiev, S. E.; Norona, W. S.; McDohagh, A. F.; Lightner, D. A. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 8417-8423.

4. We thank Professor Salvatore A. E. Marras for these data.

 
A useful fluorophore exhibiting an emission maxiumum at 530-535 nm, a large Stokes shift, and a high quantum yield.
 
3a,4a-Diaza-4,5-dioxo-7-ethyl-3a,4,4a,5-tetrahydro-1,3,6-trimethyl-s-indacen-2-yl-acetic acid, N-hydroxysuccinimide ester   
FD 13005 Water soluble dansyl-TEG azide C23H34N5NaO8S2  None Assigned    Useful for ligation of a water soluble dansyl group via Saudinger ligation or click chemistry.  4-Dansyl-(4-aza-7,10,13-trioxa-15-azido)pentadecylsulfonate   
FF 6000 5-Carboxyfluorescein C21H12O7  76823-03-5         
FF 6010 6-Carboxyfluorescein C21H12O7  3301-79-9         
FF 6015 6-Carboxyfluorescein dipivalate C31H28O9  192374-17-7         
FF 6020 6-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate C25H16O9  3348-03-6         
FF 6030 5-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate C25H16O9  79955-27-4         
FF 6040 6-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate N-
Hydroxysuccinimide Ester
C29H19NO11  150206-15-8         
FF 6050 5-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate N-
Hydroxysuccinimide Ester
C29H19NO11  150206-05-6         
FF 6060 6-Carboxyfluorescein N-
Hydroxysuccinimide Ester
C25H15NO9  92557-81-8         
FF 6070 5-Carboxyfluorescein N-
Hydroxysuccinimide Ester
C25H15NO9  92557-80-7         
FF 6080 6-Carboxyfluorescein dipivalate
N-Hydroxysuccinimide
Ester
C35H31NO11  197850-75-2         
FF 6090 5-Carboxyfluorescein dipivalate
N-Hydroxysuccinimide
Ester
C35H31NO11  186032-65-5         
FF 6100 N-(6-Hydroxyhexyl)-6-
carboxamidofluorescein dipivalate
C37H14NO9  467455-27-2         
FF 6110 6-Carboxy-fluorescein-TEG azide C29H28N4O9  412319-45-0    Useful for ligation of the fluorescein group via Staudinger ligation or click chemistry.     
FF 6120 6-Carboxy-fluorescein-dipivalate
TEG azide
C39H44N4O11  None Assigned         
FL 1000 FDMT-N6-Bz-dA
CEP
C57H55F17N7O7P  865758-44-7 and 865758-49-2  Learn about fluorous affinity purification of oligonucleotides here. Download a brief overview here.
 
Fluorous-tagged nucleosides are useful for the purification of oligonucleotides. Use with Fluoro-Pak™ Columns (FP 7210 or FP 7220) and Loading Buffer (LB 7100 ).  5'-O-FDMT-N6-benzoyl-2'-deoxyadenosine CEP  N6-Benzoyl-3'-O-[(diisopropylamino)(2-cyanoethoxy)phosphino]-5'-O-[4,4'-dimethoxy-4"-(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl)trityl]-2'-deoxyadenosine 
FL 1100 FDMT-N4-Bz-dC
CEP
C56H55F17N5O8P  865758-45-8 and 865758-50-5  Learn about fluorous affinity purification of oligonucleotides here. Download a brief overview here.
 
Fluorous-tagged nucleosides are useful for the purification of oligonucleotides. Use with Fluoro-Pak™ Columns (FP 7210 or FP 7220) and Loading Buffer (LB 7100 ).  5'-O-FDMT-N4-benzoyl-2'-deoxycytidine CEP  N4-Benzoyl-3'-O-[(diisopropylamino)(2-cyanoethoxy)phosphino]-5'-O-[4,4'-dimethoxy-4"-(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl)trityl]-2'-deoxycytidine 
FL 1200 FDMT-N2-iBu-dG
CEP
C54H57F17N7O8P  865758-46-9 and 865758-51-6  Learn about fluorous affinity purification of oligonucleotides here. Download a brief overview here.
 
Fluorous-tagged nucleosides are useful for the purification of oligonucleotides. Use with Fluoro-Pak™ Columns (FP 7210 or FP 7220) and Loading Buffer (LB 7100 ).  5'-O-FDMT-N2-isobutyryl-2'-deoxyguanosine CEP  3'-O-[(Diisopropylamino)(2-cyanoethoxy)phosphino]-5'-O-[4,4'-dimethoxy-4"-(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl)trityl]-N2-isobutyryl-2'-deoxyguanosine 
FL 1220 FMMT-N2-iBu-dG
CEP
C53H55F17O7P  None  Download Product Information. Fluorous-tagged phosphoramidites are useful for the purification of oligonucleotides. Use with Fluoro-Pak™ Columns (FP 7210 or FP 7220) and Loading Buffer (LB 7100 ); see "Fluorous Purification of Oligonucleotides", which is included in with your purchase or may be downloaded.

Learn about fluorous affinity purification of oligonucleotides here, or download a brief overview here.
 
This monomer bears a fluorous-tagged monomethoxytrityl (FMMT) group rather than a fluorous-tagged dimethoxytrityl (FDMT) group, and is for applications where a more robust 5-terminal purification tag is needed.  3'-O-[(Diisopropylamino)(2-cyanoethoxy)phosphino]-5'-O-[4-methoxy-4-(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl)trityl]-N2-isobutyryl-2'-deoxyguanosine   
FL 1300 FDMT-T CEP C50H52F17N4O8P  902456-09-1  Learn about fluorous affinity purification of oligonucleotides here. Download a brief overview here.
 
Fluorous-tagged nucleosides are useful for the purification of oligonucleotides. Use with Fluoro-Pak™ Columns (FP 7210 or FP 7220) and Loading Buffer (LB 7100 ).  5'-O-FDMT-thymidine CEP  3'-O-[(Diisopropylamino)(2-cyanoethoxy)phosphino]-5'-O-[4,4'-dimethoxy-4"-(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl)trityl]thymidine 
FL 1360 F-CPR-II CEP C49H54F17N2O9P  1027512-47-5  Download Product Information. Fluorous Chemical Phosphorylation Reagent II (F-CPR-II CEP) allows a combination of fluorous affinity purification with concomitant 5'-phosphorylation, which is especially attractive when synthesizing longmers that will be used in ligase reactions. Further, if a 5'-phosphate is tolerated in a particular application, F-CPR-II may be used as a common handle for fluorous purification, obviating the need to choose a different fluorous phosphoramidite for each different 5'-terminal nucleotide. F-CPR-II CEP is used in the same way as CPR-II (Guzaev, A., et al., Tetrahedron 1995, 51, 9375-9384; US Patent 5,959,090, assignee Glen Research), i.e., a 6 minute coupling with no capping. Use with Fluoro-Pak™ Columns (FP 7210 or FP 7220) and Loading Buffer (LB 7100); see "Fluorous Purification of Oligonucleotides". The final retro-aldol cleavage to afford the free 5'-phosphorylated oligonucleotide is achieved in the same fashion as found for CPR-II.  For the chemical phosphorylation of oligonucleotides with concomitant fluorous affinity purification. Learn about fluorous affinity purification of oligonucleotides here or download a brief overview here.
 
Fluorous chemical phosphorylation reagent II  2,2'-Bis(ethoxycarbonyl)-1-O-[(diisopropylamino)(2-cyanoethoxy)phosphino]-3-O-[4,4'-dimethoxy-4''-(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl)trityl]-1,3-propanediol 
FL 1400 FDMT-On purification modifier C44H48F17N2O5P  1027512-52-2  Learn about fluorous affinity purification of oligonucleotides here or download a brief overview here.
Download a Product Information sheet for FL 1400. If a short hydroxyalkyl group is tolerated at the 5' terminus, FDMT-On Purification Modifier is an effective way to enable fluorous purification in a variety of applications without having to purchase a different fluorous amidite for each different 5' nucleobase. This phosphoramidite installs a fluorous dimethoxytrityl group via a short tether. After fluorous affinity purification and detritylation, a 3-hydroxy-1-methylpropyl group remains. FDMT-On Purification Modifier couples with greater than 95% efficiency (typically >98%) under the standard conditions recommended for popular synthesizers. If a 15 minute coupling is used instead, the efficiency rises to typically >99%. Please note that while this reagent is freely soluble in acetonitrile, it is somewhat slow to dissolve. Allow 30 minutes with occasional swirling for complete dissolution. After cleavage from the support and nucleobase deprotection using standard techniques, the fluorous-tagged oligonucleotide is purified using a Fluoro-Pak Column (FP 7210 or FP 7220) and Loading Buffer (LB 7100). See "User Guide: Fluorous Purification of Oligonucleotides", which is included in with your purchase or may be downloaded. As usual, ammonia removal is not required, and detritylated oligonucleotides are obtained with high recovery, free from failure sequences. 
Enables FDMT-on fluorous affinity purification without having to purchase individual FDMT-bearing nucleoside phosphoramidites.  1-O-[(Diisopropylamino)(2-cyanoethoxy)phosphino]-3-O-[4,4'-dimethoxy-4'-(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorodecyl)trityl]-1,3-butanediol   
FL 1500 FMMT-5'-Amino-modifier-C6 CEP C45H51F17N3O3P  1027512-64-6  For applications requiring the purification of 5'-amine-modified oligonucleotides, trityl-on purification is an option, typically involving a monomethoxytrityl (MMT) group. In cases where the separation of the trityl-on oligonucleotides from failure sequences and other non-trityl-bearing materials is more difficult, FMMT-5'-Amino-modifier-C6 CEP (FL 1500) is a useful option. It employs a fluorous version of the MMT group, i.e., a fluorous monomethoxytrityl (FMMT) group. This phosphoramidite behaves similarly to the MMT versions during synthesis, but the final FMMT-bearing oligonucleotide is more strongly retained on fluorous adsorbents or reversed-phase adsorbents, providing greater selectivity than observed for MMT-bearing oligos.

For more detail on the use of this product, download a Product Information Sheet here.

1. Pearson, W. H.; Berry, D. A.; Stoy, P.; Jung, K.-Y.; Sercel, A. D. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 7114-7122.

 
Installs an amine at the 5'-terminus of oligonucleotides enabling fluorous affinity purification.1 Employs the fluorous monomethoxytrityl (FMMT) group rather than an MMT group, providing greater discrimination of full-length oligonucleotides over failure sequences.

 
   
FL 1600 Fluorous modifier CEP C47H53F17N3O7P  1027512-58-8  While many of Berry & Associates' fluorous products focus on the purification of oligonucleotides,1 fluorous tags have other potential applications in nucleic acid chemistry. Fluorous modifier CEP (FL 1600) is useful for placing a permanent fluorous tag internally or at the 5'-terminus of an oligonucleotide. In addition to providing a purification handle, fluorous modifications enable applications where fluorophilicity or high hydrophobicity are desired. For example, the presence of a fluorous tag in an oligonucleotide may allow its immobilization onto fluorous-coated glass slides.2,3 Alternatively, placing fluorous monomers at strategic sites in an oligonucleotide may allow intra- or intermolecular fluorous-fluorous interactions, enhancing the attraction between various regions of an oligonucleotide.

For more detail on the use of this product (coupling, cleavage, deprotection, HPLC analysis, and Fluoro-Pak purification), download a Product Information Sheet here.

1. Pearson, W. H.; Berry, D. A.; Stoy, P.; Jung, K.-Y.; Sercel, A. D. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 7114-7122.

2. Fluorous Technologies, Inc., offers Fluorous Modified Glass Slides for the immobilization of fluorous-tagged molecules for microarray formation. The slides feature excellent spot morphology, high signal-to-noise ratios, low and uniform background fluorescence levels, and low non-specific binding, since the fluorous surface around the spot does not interact well with non-fluorous molecules. The ability to use the fluorous tag as both a purification handle and an immobilization handle is also an advantage. Further, the fluorous immobilization is potentially reversible.

3. (a) Pohl and co-workers detected carbohydrate-lectin interactions using fluorous modified slides bearing fluorous-tagged carbohydrates; see: Ko, K.-S.; Jaipuri, F. A.; Pohl, N. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 13162-13163. (b) Spring and co-workers showed that fluorous-tagged small molecules could be immobilized on fluorous modified a glass surface and used to facilitate detection of protein-ligand binding interactions; see: Nicholson, R. L.; Ladlow, M. L.; Spring, D. R. Chem. Commun. 2007, 3906-3908. © Schreiber and co-workers employed fluorous-immobilized small-molecule arrays to screen for histone deacylase inhibitors; see: Vegas, A. J.; Bradner, J. E.; Tang, W.; McPherson, O. M.; Greenberg, E. F.; Koehler, A. N.; Schreiber, S. L. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 7960-7964.

 
Fluorous Modifier CEP (FL 1600) is useful for placing a permanent fluorous tag internally or at the 5'-terminus of an oligonucleotide.     
FL 1610 3'-Fluorous modifier CPG N/A  N/A  While many of Berry & Associates' fluorous products focus on the purification of oligonucleotides,1 fluorous tags have other potential applications in nucleic acid chemistry. 3'-Fluorous modifier CPG (FL 1610) is useful for placing a permanent fluorous tag at the 3'-terminus of an oligonucleotide. In addition to providing a purification handle, fluorous modifications enable applications where fluorophilicity or high hydrophobicity are desired. For example, the presence of a fluorous tag in an oligonucleotide may allow its immobilization onto fluorous-coated glass slides.2,3 Alternatively, placing fluorous monomers at strategic sites in an oligonucleotide may allow intra- or intermolecular fluorous-fluorous interactions, enhancing the attraction between various regions of an oligonucleotide.

For more detail on the use of this product (coupling, cleavage, deprotection, HPLC analysis, and Fluoro-Pak purification), download a Product Information Sheet here.

1. Pearson, W. H.; Berry, D. A.; Stoy, P.; Jung, K.-Y.; Sercel, A. D. J. Org. Chem. 2005, 70, 7114-7122.

2. Fluorous Technologies, Inc., offers Fluorous Modified Glass Slides for the immobilization of fluorous-tagged molecules for microarray formation. The slides feature excellent spot morphology, high signal-to-noise ratios, low and uniform background fluorescence levels, and low non-specific binding, since the fluorous surface around the spot does not interact well with non-fluorous molecules. The ability to use the fluorous tag as both a purification handle and an immobilization handle is also an advantage. Further, the fluorous immobilization is potentially reversible.

3. (a) Pohl and co-workers detected carbohydrate-lectin interactions using fluorous modified slides bearing fluorous-tagged carbohydrates; see: Ko, K.-S.; Jaipuri, F. A.; Pohl, N. L. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 13162-13163. (b) Spring and co-workers showed that fluorous-tagged small molecules could be immobilized on fluorous modified a glass surface and used to facilitate detection of protein-ligand binding interactions; see: Nicholson, R. L.; Ladlow, M. L.; Spring, D. R. Chem. Commun. 2007, 3906-3908. © Schreiber and co-workers employed fluorous-immobilized small-molecule arrays to screen for histone deacylase inhibitors; see: Vegas, A. J.; Bradner, J. E.; Tang, W.; McPherson, O. M.; Greenberg, E. F.; Koehler, A. N.; Schreiber, S. L. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2007, 46, 7960-7964.

 
3'-Fluorous Modifier CPG (FL 1610) is useful for placing a permanent fluorous tag at the 3'-terminus of an oligonucleotide.